Transparency is crucial in a democracy – and in a 21st century democracy, transparency means public access to information online. This report considers four key areas of transparency in the U.S. state and federal governments: campaign finance, lobbying, procurement, and public officials’ assets. The report describes the features needed for effective online disclosure in these areas and highlights leading practices in the states. Some information about each of the four topic areas is currently disclosed online by many states, as well as the federal government. However, there is wide variation within each area in the method and manner of online disclosure.