Did You Know They Threaten U.S. Scientific Greatness? Neither did I, until I read this write-up by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy: Research earmarks—in general the assignment of money during the legislative process for use by a specific organization or project—are counter to a merit-based competitive selection process that has been a hallmark of American scientific prowess since the post World War II era. However, over the past 20 years, the number of earmarks has risen dramatically and threatens to undermine a vital process underpinning U.S. scientific greatness. Earmarks signal to potential investigators that there is an acceptable alternative to creating quality research proposals that can pass muster with other highly-qualified scientists or engineers. Such an alternative can be an ineffective use of taxpayer funds. [Emph. added] Who knew??