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Feb 8, 2016

Top 400 Taxpayers See Tax Rates Rise, But There’s More to the Story

As Americans were gathering party supplies to greet the New Year, the Internal Revenue Service released their annual report of cumulative tax data reported on the 400 tax r...

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Feb 4, 2016

Chlorine Bleach Plants Needlessly Endanger 63 Million Americans

Chlorine bleach plants across the U.S. put millions of Americans in danger of a chlorine gas release, a substance so toxic it has been used as a chemical weapon. Greenpeace’s new repo...

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Jan 25, 2016

U.S. Industrial Facilities Reported Fewer Toxic Releases in 2014

The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) data for 2014 is now available. The good news: total toxic releases by reporting facilities decreased by nearly six percent from 2013 levels. Howe...

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Jan 22, 2016

Methane Causes Climate Change. Here's How the President Plans to Cut Emissions by 40-45 Percent.

  UPDATE (Jan. 22, 2016): Today, the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) released its proposed rule to reduce methane emissions...

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Watcher: January 11th, 2005

Federal Budget
  • Halving the Deficit Will Involve Major Changes -- or 'Fuzzy Math'
  • Social Security Reform Comes Front and Center
  • Seen and Heard: 109th Congress Opens With a Host of Tough Issues

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Guide to the Federal Budget

The Coalition on Human Needs has recently released a brief and informative report that discusses both the budget process what is ahead for us in 2005. This report is helpful for those who want to brush up on their understanding of the budget process, government actions, and why we are running a deficit. Check it out here.

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Who Benefits From Tax Cuts?

Bush's first term was marked by the passage of excessive tax cuts. This year alone, the cost of those tax cuts will be $ 215 billion. Roughly $ 47 billion of that amount will go to the top 1 percent, or in other words a group of people whose average income is about $ 1 million per year. These tax cuts are not paid for, and are significantly more costly than the war in Iraq, Medicare drug benefits, and the projected social security shortfall. It is no secret that our deficit and national debt are disturbingly high and not on track to be responsibly repaired any time soon. Adding to the deficit burden is the cost of these excessive tax cuts. How will the administration choose to deal with this? When the President releases his budget in early February, we may very likely see that his solution will be to freeze or significantly cut non-defense discretionary spending. Another way to view non-defense disretionary spending is to think of it as services for people paid for by the federal government. This means education, medicaid, medicare, child care, environmental protection, veterans' health care, housing and many other programs. The administration and Congress seem to think that taking away from these programs to give $ 47 billion back to the rich this year is how to solve our fiscal problems by "growing the economy." Taking away necessary and vital programs used and depended upon by millions and millions of people in order to give a sizeable chunk of that money to the rich will not grow anything except the size of the gap between the rich and the poor in this country. Check out this link for an informative editorial in today's Washington Post.

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Seen and Heard: 109th Congress Opens with Host of Tough Issues

The 109th Congress of the United States opened last week, with much of the fanfare surrounding GOP pre-session planning (particularly ethics committee rule changes) and the decision of a few Democrats (including Senator Boxer from California) to hopelessly challenge the presidential election results from Ohio during the electoral college count on Thursday.

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Job Growth Numbers

Jobs growth data for December 2004 was recently released. Below are the facts. This data comes from the Economic Policy Institute's JobWatch web feature. Click here for background documents.
  • Job creation failed to meet the administration's projections in 15 of the past 18 months.
  • Job growth over the last 18 months has fallen short by 1,703,000. This number is more than one-third less than the number of jobs the administration said would be created, even without the tax cuts.
  • The administration expected the tax cuts to generate 1.4 million jobs. This did not happen. The administration expected a little over 5.5 million jobs to be created between June 2003 and December 2004. In reality, only 2.4 million jobs were created.
  • Job growth in December of 2004 fell almost 150,000 jobs short of projected estimates for that month alone. In other jobs related news, an article in yesterday's New York Times discusses the fact that even though overall unemployment levels may have dropped, the number of workers who have been jobless for over a period of 6 months has remained very high. Six months is the point at which unemployment benefits run out for people, and as of November 2004, one in five unemployed workers were jobless for more than 6 months. A total of 3.6 million workers ran out of unemployment insurance last year, and according to the Times, this statistic is higher than it has been in at least three decades. President Bush and prominent members of Congress seem to believe that tax cuts will create more jobs. The numbers, however, do not appear to be lining up.
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    CBO's Monthly Budget Review

    On friday the Congressional Budget Office released their Monthly Budget Review, which includes key economic and budget figures from the first three months of fiscal year 2005. The report estimates that total federal outlays in the first quarter grew by close to 6 percent, which is similar when compared with first quarter growth in 2004. Both Medicare and Defense outlays, however, increased approximately 9 percent relative to levels recorded for this period last year. The government recorded a deficit of $ 114 billion for the first quarter, which is $ 16 billion lower than the deficit recorded for this period last year. Notably, spending is up for agricultural price supports, disaster assistance, and education programs. Outlays for both unemployment benefits and temporary fiscal assistance to states, however, have dropped significantly.

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    President Names Members of Citizen's Tax Panel

    This morning President Bush announced nine members to his long-awaited tax panel that will recommend changes and simplifications to the U.S. tax system, picking former Senators Connie Mack and John Breaux to lead the panel. The president has highlighted tax reform as one of his top priorities in his second term. Officially titled the "President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform," the other members of the panel include:* former Representative Bill Frenzel, a Minnesota Republican and visiting scholar to the Brookings Institution;* former Internal Revenue Service Commissioner Charles Rossotti;* Liz Ann Sonders, chief investment strategist at Charles Schwab & Co. Inc.;* University of Southern California Professor Elizabeth Garrett;* former Federal Trade Commission Chairman Timothy Muris;* Stanford University Economics Professor Edward Lazear;* MIT professor James Poterba. The panel will be charged with investigating changes and simplification to the tax code. Bush has given the panel until July 31st to report its recommendations. Click here and here to read more about the announcement of the panel members.

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    Insider Info on the Push for Social Security Reform

    Reporters at the Wall Street Journal and CongressDaily have obtained a memo written by Peter Wehner -- a senior official in the Bush administration. Besides stating that social security reform would be "one of the most significant conservative governing achievements ever," the memo notes that not only is the creation of private accounts key to reform, but benefits cuts would be key as well. The latter point is not one that the President has publicly said would accompany any social security reforms, although this memo makes it clear that it is on the minds of many. See this New York Times article to read about differing views on social security reform.

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    New Appropriations Chairs

    As the 109th Congress gets settled on Capitol Hill this week, many Senate and House committee members have changed. Notably, both the Senate and House Approriations Committees will be chaired by new Congressmen. Thad Cochran (R-MS) is taking over as Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee for Senator Ted Stevens (R-AK). Jerry Lewis (R-CA) was chosen by Republicans yesterday to chair the House Appropriations Committee. He is taking over for Representative Bill Young (R-FL). Lewis has said that one of his top priorities will be to get the annual spending bills passed "on time and under budget." Check out this article for more information. An immediate priority for these new chairmen will be to provide emergency supplemental funding to tsunami victims. It is expected right now that $350 million will be set aside for tsunami aid. The Committees may also soon be engaged in asking for increased emergency supplemental funding for operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. There is current speculation that Bush will ask for $80 billion to be appropriated in funding.

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    Option 2 "Makes Sense" to Frist But Risks Cuts In Benefits

    In 2001 Bush appointed a commission to look at social security, and this commission came up with three proposals. One of the proposals, called Option 2, is currently receiving a lot of attention on Capitol Hill, with Bill Frist recently stating that "[It's] on the table, and it makes sense to me." Option 2 would link future social security benefits to increases in inflation over a worker's lifetime, rather than wages. One of the major problems with this proposal is that in our economy wages rise faster than inflation. According to this Washington Post article, the new benefits formula would "stunt the growth of benefits, slowly at first but more quickly by the middle of the century." While the proposal would work towards solving the problem of social security's long term deficit, the program does not show signs of reaching the level of "crisis" that many in the government are claiming. In fact, as Krugman points out in a New York Times column, if these proposals are put in place it "will do nothing about the real fiscal threat and will instead dismantle Social Security, a program that is in much better financial shape than the rest of the federal government." These overhauls would also come with a stinging cost to future retirees. The average middle class worker retiring in 2022 would see a benefits cut of 9.9 percent, while in 2042 benefits would fall by more than a quarter. These cuts would be detrimental considering that over the past 60+ years the social security program has done more to stave off poverty than any other program. In a recently released report, the Center on Budget and Policy Priorites highlighted the fact that other policies embraced by this administration will end up costing the country a lot more than the social security shortfall in the future, particularly the cost of Bush's tax cuts and Medicare prescription drug benefits. The report can be found here.

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    Resources & Research

    Living in the Shadow of Danger: Poverty, Race, and Unequal Chemical Facility Hazards

    People of color and people living in poverty, especially poor children of color, are significantly more likely...

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    A Tale of Two Retirements: One for CEOs and One for the Rest of Us

    The 100 largest CEO retirement funds are worth a combined $4.9 billion, equal to the entire retirement account savings of 41 percent of American fam...

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